Japanese Aucuba

Aucuba japonica アオキ

Garryaceae

Native Container Wildlife value: high Maintenance: low

Description

Aucuba japonica is a shade-tolerant evergreen shrub native to lowland broadleaf forests of central and western Japan. It thrives in the dim, awkward corners of Tokyo gardens — north sides of walls, under deciduous canopy, narrow side-yards — where most other broadleaf evergreens fail. Dioecious: a female plant in fruit holds bright red drupes from late autumn through midwinter, providing critical cold-season forage for bulbuls and shrikes. Avoid harsh afternoon sun and prolonged drought. For containers, choose at least 20 L and amend with leaf mould.

Growing requirements

Lightpart shade to shade
Watermedium
Soilhumus-rich, well-drained loam; tolerates a wide pH range
Hardinesstokyo lowland
Container Yes · Min container size: 20L
Maintenancelow
Common issuesscale insects (summer, on stems and leaf undersides); sooty mould (secondary, follows scale)

Practical info

NativeYes
EdibleNo
Wildlife valuehigh
Attracts
  • birds: brown-eared bulbul (ヒヨドリ)
  • birds: bull-headed shrike (モズ)
  • insects: native solitary bees (early spring forage)

Seasonal calendar

Tokyo-lowland calendar. Shifts a week or two with elevation or cultivar.

  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Planting
Flowering
Fruiting
  • Mar Spring planting before new leaves emerge.
  • Oct Autumn planting once summer heat passes; root before first frost.

Usage

Hedging, north-facing borders, container specimen for shaded courtyards. Variegated cultivars exist but if you want the wildlife-supporting native, plant the plain green form.

Sources